A stallholder on a snowy Moscow street points the capybara mascot, wearing a backpack, the way, with St Basil's Cathedral and a metro entrance behind.

30 Essential Russian Phrases for Your First Trip to Moscow

A few words of Russian go a long way in Moscow. A zdravstvuyte at the hotel desk or a spasibo to the driver is a small thing to learn and a pleasant thing to hear.

Russian is written in Cyrillic, and the stress can fall on any syllable and moves between forms of a word. An o without the stress is said like a: vodá, water, sounds like vadá. Each phrase below is shown in Cyrillic, with a guide to saying it, the stressed syllable in capitals, and its meaning. Every word in these 30 phrases is taught in the course, so this page is a first taste of what you'll learn. Press a voice to hear it.

  1. 1здравствуйтеZDRAHST-vooy-tyeh, hello

    The polite hello, right for anyone you do not know. The first в is silent. With friends, привет is the casual hi.

    Здравствуйте, один кофе, пожалуйста.

    ZDRAHST-vooy-tyeh, ah-DEEN KOH-fyeh, pah-ZHAH-loo-stah.

    Hello, one coffee, please.

  2. 2до свиданияdah svee-DAH-nee-yah, goodbye

    The polite goodbye; word for word, "until seeing". With friends, пока is bye.

    До свидания, хорошего дня!

    dah svee-DAH-nee-yah, khah-ROH-sheh-vah dnyah!

    Goodbye, have a nice day!

  3. 3спасибоspah-SEE-bah, thank you

    Большое спасибо is thank you very much. The usual reply is пожалуйста, phrase 8.

    Спасибо, было вкусно.

    spah-SEE-bah, BEE-lah FKOOS-nah.

    Thank you, it was delicious.

  4. 4туалетtoo-ah-LYET, toilet

    Где туалет? asks for the toilet. On the doors, М is for men and Ж for women.

    Где туалет?

    gdyeh too-ah-LYET?

    Where are the toilets?

  5. 5даdah, yes

    No is нет. Да, спасибо is yes, thank you.

    Да, можно воду, спасибо.

    dah, MOZH-nah VOH-doo, spah-SEE-bah.

    Yes, I'd like water, thanks.

  6. 6нетnyet, no

    Нет, спасибо is no, thank you. Нет also says there is none: воды нет, there's no water.

    Нет, спасибо, всё хорошо.

    nyet, spah-SEE-bah, fsyoh khah-rah-SHOH.

    No, thank you, I'm fine.

  7. 7помогитеpah-mah-GHEE-tyeh, help

    The cry for urgent help. The emergency number in Russia is 112.

    Помогите! Кто-нибудь, помогите мне!

    pah-mah-GHEE-tyeh! KTOH-nee-boot, pah-mah-GHEE-tyeh mnyeh!

    Help! Somebody help me!

  8. 8пожалуйстаpah-ZHAH-loo-stah, please

    Please, and also you're welcome, and here you are when handing something over. The й is usually swallowed in speech.

    Принесите нам меню, пожалуйста.

    pree-nee-SEE-tyeh nahm mee-NYOO, pah-ZHAH-loo-stah.

    Bring us the menu, please.

  9. 9извинитеeez-vee-NEE-tyeh, sorry

    Both an apology and the polite way to get attention before a question: извините, где метро?

    Извините, я опоздал.

    eez-vee-NEE-tyeh, yah ah-pahz-DAHL.

    Sorry, I'm late.

  10. 10Извините, можно пройти?eez-vee-NEE-tyeh, MOZH-nah prah-EE-tee?, Excuse me, may I get past?

    Можно пройти? asks if you may get past. On a crowded bus or metro, say it as you step toward the door.

  11. 11гдеgdyeh, where

    One syllable: the г and д run together. Где здесь...? asks where the nearest one is around here.

    Где здесь аптека?

    gdyeh zdyes ahp-TYEH-kah?

    Where is there a pharmacy?

  12. 12пониматьpah-nee-MAHT, understand

    The verb to understand. Я не понимаю, I don't understand, is the form to have ready.

    Да, я понимаю.

    dah, yah pah-nee-MAH-yoo.

    Yes, I understand.

  13. 13медленноMYED-leh-nah, slowly

    Говорите медленнее, пожалуйста asks someone to speak more slowly.

    Пожалуйста, говорите медленно.

    pah-ZHAH-loo-stah, gah-vah-REE-tyeh MYED-leh-nah.

    Please speak slowly.

  14. 14Пожалуйста, с удовольствием!pah-ZHAH-loo-stah, s oo-dah-VOHL-stvee-yem!, You're welcome, my pleasure!

    Пожалуйста, phrase 8, is also the usual reply to спасибо. С удовольствием is with pleasure.

  15. 15сколькоSKOHL-kah, how much

    Сколько стоит? asks the price; add это, this, and point.

    Сколько это стоит?

    SKOHL-kah EH-tah STOH-eet?

    How much is it?

  16. 16счётshot, bill

    Счёт, пожалуйста asks for the bill. The сч is said like щ, a long, soft sh, and ё always carries the stress.

    Счёт, пожалуйста.

    shot, pah-ZHAH-loo-stah.

    The bill, please.

  17. 17аптекаahp-TYEH-kah, pharmacy

    Look for the word over a green cross. Где здесь аптека?, phrase 11, asks for the nearest one.

    Здесь рядом есть аптека?

    zdyes RYAH-dahm yest ahp-TYEH-kah?

    Is there a pharmacy near here?

  18. 18водаvah-DAH, water

    Still water is вода без газа, sparkling вода с газом. Asking for it, the stress moves: можно воду?

    Воду без газа, пожалуйста.

    VOH-doo byez GAH-zah, pah-ZHAH-loo-stah.

    A still water, please.

  19. 19доброе утроDOH-brah-yeh OO-trah, good morning

    Said until about noon; after that, добрый день. The same words do for everyone.

    Доброе утро, сегодня прекрасная погода.

    DOH-brah-yeh OO-trah, see-VOHD-nyah pree-KRAHS-nah-yah pah-GOH-dah.

    Good morning, the weather is lovely today.

  20. 20аллергияah-lyer-GHEE-yah, allergy

    У меня аллергия на... names what you react to: у меня аллергия на орехи, I'm allergic to nuts.

    У меня аллергия на молоко.

    oo mee-NYAH ah-lyer-GHEE-yah nah mah-lah-KOH.

    I'm allergic to milk.

  21. 21Можно заплатить картой?MOZH-nah zah-plah-TEET KAR-tuy?, Can I pay by card?

    Можно asks if something is allowed. A card issued outside Russia will probably be refused, so bring enough cash, наличные.

  22. 22столикSTOH-leek, table

    Столик, a small стол, is a restaurant table. На двоих is for two; for three, say на троих.

    Столик на двоих, пожалуйста.

    STOH-leek nah dvah-EEKH, pah-ZHAH-loo-stah.

    A table for two, please.

  23. 23метроmee-TROH, metro

    Moscow metro entrances are marked with a large red М. Где метро? asks the way to the nearest one.

    Где метро?

    gdyeh mee-TROH?

    Where is the metro?

  24. 24билетbee-LYET, ticket

    Билет does for the metro, a train or a museum. For two, say два билета.

    Один билет, пожалуйста.

    ah-DEEN bee-LYET, pah-ZHAH-loo-stah.

    One ticket, please.

  25. 25помочьpah-MOHCH, help

    The verb to help. Вы можете мне помочь? asks politely, with вы. For an emergency, use phrase 7.

    Вы можете мне помочь?

    vee MOH-zheh-tyeh mnyeh pah-MOHCH?

    Can you help me?

  26. 26ещё разyee-SHOH rahs, again

    Ещё раз is once more. Не могли бы вы...? is the polite could you. The щ is a long, soft sh.

    Не могли бы вы сказать это ещё раз?

    nee mahg-LEE bee vee skah-ZAHT EH-tah yee-SHOH rahs?

    Could you say that again?

  27. 27остановитьсяah-stah-nah-VEET-sah, stop

    To stop, of a car or a person. Остановитесь здесь is for the taxi driver; здесь is here.

    Остановитесь здесь, пожалуйста.

    ah-stah-nah-VEE-tyes zdyes, pah-ZHAH-loo-stah.

    Stop here, please.

  28. 28скораяSKOH-rah-yah, ambulance

    Скорая, short for скорая помощь, is the ambulance; after вызовите, call, it becomes скорую. Dial 112, or 103 for an ambulance directly.

    Вызовите скорую!

    VEE-zah-vee-tyeh SKOH-roo-yoo!

    Call an ambulance!

  29. 29вкусныйFKOOS-nee, delicious

    Это вкусно! uses вкусно, the form for how something tastes. Say it to the waiter or your host.

    Это вкусно!

    EH-tah FKOOS-nah!

    It's delicious!

  30. 30острыйOHS-tree, spicy

    Острый is spicy, and also sharp; for a dish, острое. A woman says я бы хотела. Russian cooking is mild, so ask if you like heat.

    Я бы хотел очень острое.

    yah bee khah-TYEL OH-chen OHS-trah-yeh.

    I would like it very spicy.

Keep them for the trip

A few minutes a day. Each phrase comes back just before you would forget it, with the rest of the words a traveller needs.

Start the course, free